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Best Disability Insurance for Physicians (2026)

We read the policy documents that Ameritas, Guardian, MassMutual, Principal, and The Standard publish themselves. This review compares their own-occupation wording, residual triggers, mental health limits, and resident offers. No carrier publishes premiums, so this review doesn’t invent them.

Joshua Dunigan, DO
EDITOR-IN-CHIEFJoshua Dunigan, DO
Fact Checked
Updated September 23, 2026

Key takeaways

  • •Guardian and Ameritas publish own-occupation definitions that keep paying while you work elsewhere. MassMutual and The Standard require an extra Own Occupation Rider for that.
  • •Guardian, Ameritas, and MassMutual publish a 15% residual trigger; The Standard’s is 20%.
  • •Ameritas is the only one that publishes a choice to cover mental health claims for the full benefit period. MassMutual and The Standard default to 24 months.
  • •Residents: Guardian publishes up to $8,000 a month with no medical underwriting; Ameritas and The Standard publish 15% resident discounts.
  • •No carrier publishes premiums, and Ohio National no longer sells new policies.

Disability insurance is the one policy most physicians buy before they understand it, usually in residency and usually from whoever visits the program. What separates a good policy from a bad one is contract language: how the policy defines disability, what it pays if you can work part-time, and what it excludes. Those terms are published, at least in part, by the carriers themselves. Prices are not.

So that is what this review compares. On September 23, 2026 we read each carrier’s own product pages, brochures, and guides, and recorded only what they state. Where a carrier leaves something out, we say so. An earlier version of this page gave each carrier a star rating and a price tier and listed typical premiums; none of that came from the carriers, so we removed it.

Five carriers, side by side

Own occupation
Own occ for the full benefit period available
Residual trigger
15% income loss (Enhanced Plus rider)
Mental health limit
Choice: 2 years or full benefit period
AM Best
A (Excellent)
Own occupation
Built for MD/DO: source-of-earnings test, then specialty duties
Residual trigger
15% income loss (rider)
Mental health limit
Not published
AM Best
A++ (Superior)
Own occupation
Rider needed to work elsewhere
Residual trigger
15% income loss (rider)
Mental health limit
24 months; removable for a fee
AM Best
A++ (Superior)
Own occupation
Two own-occ options; wording not published
Residual trigger
Enhanced; trigger not published
Mental health limit
Rider with discount; terms not published
AM Best
A+ (Superior)
Own occupation
Rider needed to work elsewhere
Residual trigger
20% income loss (rider)
Mental health limit
24 months; mandatory for some classes
AM Best
A (Excellent)

Each carrier’s own website and carrier-hosted documents, read September 23, 2026. Ratings from AM Best’s releases or the carrier’s ratings page, dated below. “Not published” means the carrier’s public material is silent, not that the term is unfavorable.

What the terms mean

  • •Own occupation. You are disabled if you can’t do your own occupation, ideally your specialty. The question that matters is whether the policy still pays if you go to work in another role. A policy that stops paying when you take another job is weaker. Our own-occupation guide explains the four definitions and how to spot each one.
  • •Residual disability. Pays a partial benefit when you can still work but earn less. A 15% income-loss trigger starts paying sooner than a 20% one. A recovery benefit keeps paying after you return to work if your income hasn’t recovered. See residual disability benefits.
  • •Future increase options. Let you buy more coverage later without new medical underwriting. They matter most for residents, whose policies start small.
  • •Mental and nervous limits. Many policies stop paying mental health claims after 24 months. Removing that limit costs extra where it’s allowed.
  • •Non-cancelable vs. guaranteed renewable. Non-cancelable locks the premium; guaranteed renewable only guarantees you can keep the policy, and premiums can rise for a whole class of policyholders.

Carrier by carrier

Ameritas logo

Ameritas

DInamic Cornerstone Income Protection (all states except California); DInamic Foundation in California. Issued by Ameritas Life Insurance Corp. (Ameritas Life Insurance Corp. of New York in New York).

Total disability
What Ameritas publishes
Three definitions to choose from: own occupation for the whole benefit period; own occupation and not working; or two years of own occupation, then any reasonable occupation. Includes specialty language for physicians, subject to age and occupation.
Pays if you work elsewhere
What Ameritas publishes
Yes, under the full own-occupation definition.
Residual
What Ameritas publishes
Three riders. Enhanced Plus: a 15% income-loss trigger, the full benefit once the loss reaches 75%, and a recovery benefit. Enhanced: a 20% trigger and a three-month recovery benefit. Basic: no recovery benefit.
Future increases
What Ameritas publishes
Benefit Increase Rider: financial evidence only, no medical requirements, until age 55. Residents and new attendings get up to two accelerated increases in the first three policy years.
Cost of living
What Ameritas publishes
2% to 6% compound (indexed) or 3% compound.
Mental and nervous
What Ameritas publishes
Your choice: a two-year limit (which earns a 10% or 5% discount) or coverage for the full benefit period, on non-cancelable policies in eligible occupation classes.
Renewability
What Ameritas publishes
Non-cancelable and guaranteed-renewable versions; benefit periods to 65 or 67.
Discounts
What Ameritas publishes
10% multi-life, 15% medical and dental intern or resident, 10% association, 6% e-application, and 10% or 5% for choosing the two-year mental and nervous limit.
Residents
What Ameritas publishes
Guaranteed standard issue: up to $7,500 a month during training, $8,500 within six months of finishing, and $15,000 with an employment contract.
Financial strength
What Ameritas publishes
AM Best A (Excellent), per Ameritas’s financial strength page, linking an AM Best analysis dated June 25, 2026. Subsidiary of Ameritas Mutual Holding Company.
  • •State notes: California gets DInamic Foundation instead of Cornerstone. New York policies are issued by a separate company on separate forms.
  • •Not published: Issue and participation limits for fully underwritten Cornerstone policies and the age premiums are guaranteed to; both are in an agent guide that isn’t public.

Sources: Ameritas: DInamic Cornerstone; Ameritas: Cornerstone marketing guide (DI 1978); Ameritas: residual disability rider flyer (DI 1988); Ameritas: Benefit Increase Rider flyer (DI 1982); Ameritas: medical residents. Our full Ameritas review.

Guardian logo

Guardian

Guardian individual disability income insurance (policy form 18PG). Issued by Berkshire Life Insurance Company of America, a wholly owned stock subsidiary of The Guardian Life Insurance Company of America.

Total disability
What Guardian publishes
Enhanced True Own-Occupation, for MDs and DOs only. You are totally disabled if more than 50% of your income came from hands-on patient care or from surgical procedures and you can no longer do that work. If you don’t qualify that way, Guardian looks at the key duties of your medical specialty.
Pays if you work elsewhere
What Guardian publishes
Yes. Full benefits whether or not you work elsewhere, including in your own practice.
Residual
What Guardian publishes
Enhanced Partial Disability rider: pays on a loss of income of 15% or more. For the first 12 months it pays your actual loss of income, up to 100% of the benefit. After recovery it keeps paying while your income loss is at least 15%. A basic partial rider is also offered.
Future increases
What Guardian publishes
Future Increase Option: increase coverage every year through age 55 without medical underwriting. Guardian doesn’t publish the maximum increase.
Cost of living
What Guardian publishes
A COLA rider indexed to CPI or a fixed percentage; rates not published. The Enhanced Catastrophic rider includes a 3% compound COLA.
Mental and nervous
What Guardian publishes
Not published
Renewability
What Guardian publishes
Non-cancelable and guaranteed renewable; the age is not published. Benefit periods to 65, 67, or 70.
Discounts
What Guardian publishes
A residency discount that carries into coverage after training; percentage not published.
Residents
What Guardian publishes
Special guaranteed standard issue offer: up to $8,000 a month with no medical questions or exams.
Financial strength
What Guardian publishes
AM Best A++ (Superior), affirmed September 12, 2025, including Berkshire Life. Mutual company (Guardian); the issuing subsidiary is a stock company.
  • •State notes: Guardian notes that provisions and availability vary by state.
  • •Not published: The mental and nervous limitation, how much the Future Increase Option adds, COLA rates, discount percentages, and issue limits for fully underwritten policies.

Sources: Guardian: disability insurance for physicians; Guardian: disability insurance riders; Guardian: coverage for medical residents; Guardian: protection for physician practice owners (form 18PG). Our full Guardian review.

MassMutual logo

MassMutual

Radius Choice (not sold in California). Issued by Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company.

Total disability
What MassMutual publishes
The base policy pays when you can’t perform the main duties of your occupation and are not working in any other occupation. The optional Own Occupation Rider pays when you can’t do your usual occupation and choose to work in another one.
Pays if you work elsewhere
What MassMutual publishes
Only with the Own Occupation Rider, which costs extra.
Residual
What MassMutual publishes
Extended Partial Disability Benefits rider: a minimum 15% loss of income. During the first 6 months you can also qualify with a 15% loss of time or by being unable to do some of your main duties.
Future increases
What MassMutual publishes
Benefit Increase Rider (no charge): buy more coverage every three years as income grows, on financial evidence only. Also a Future Insurability Option rider and a 3% Automatic Benefit Increase rider.
Cost of living
What MassMutual publishes
3% compound, no cap, starting after 12 months of disability.
Mental and nervous
What MassMutual publishes
24-month limit for mental disorders unless you add the Maximum Benefit Period Endorsement, which costs extra, isn’t available to every occupation, and can’t be removed later.
Renewability
What MassMutual publishes
Non-cancelable to 65, then conditionally renewable from 65 to 75. Issue ages 18 to 64 (18 to 60 in Florida).
Discounts
What MassMutual publishes
Multi-life 10% to 25% depending on employer involvement and state; 10% association (3+ lives); 10% spousal. Individual policies use sex-distinct rates; employer-endorsed groups can get unisex rates.
Residents
What MassMutual publishes
Not published
Financial strength
What MassMutual publishes
AM Best A++ (Superior), most recent affirmation we could locate: September 20, 2024. Mutual company.
  • •State notes: Radius Choice is not sold in California. Unisex rates on all policies in Montana. Definitions vary by state.
  • •Not published: Specialty language, the Future Insurability Option amounts, and issue limits (they are in MassMutual’s reference manual, which isn’t public).

Sources: MassMutual: Radius Choice Product at a Glance (DI2209RC125, for financial professionals). Our full MassMutual review.

Principal logo

Principal

Income Protector (all states except California and New York); DI Series 700 in California and New York. Issued by Principal Life Insurance Company.

Total disability
What Principal publishes
Two options: “own occupation” and “true own occupation,” with a specialty own-occupation definition. Principal’s page names the options but doesn’t publish the wording.
Pays if you work elsewhere
What Principal publishes
Under the true own-occupation option, per its name; the wording isn’t public.
Residual
What Principal publishes
An “enhanced residual disability definition”; the trigger isn’t published.
Future increases
What Principal publishes
Two future increase riders, annual and event-driven; amounts and ages not published.
Cost of living
What Principal publishes
Not published
Mental and nervous
What Principal publishes
A Mental/Nervous Substance Abuse rider earns up to a 10% discount on Series 700; the limit it imposes isn’t published.
Renewability
What Principal publishes
Benefit periods of 2 years, 5 years, or to 65, 67, or 70 (Series 700). Renewability terms not published.
Discounts
What Principal publishes
Series 700: 10% affiliation, 10% select occupation, 20% multi-life, 10% association; not all stack.
Residents
What Principal publishes
Not published
Financial strength
What Principal publishes
AM Best A+ (Superior), affirmed April 28, 2026. Stock company, publicly traded since 2001.
  • •State notes: Series 700 issue limit is up to $35,000 a month, $20,000 in California.
  • •Not published: Nearly all contract terms: the definitions’ wording, the residual trigger, increase amounts, COLA, mental and nervous limits, and renewability. Principal publishes feature headlines only.

Sources: Principal: Income Protector; Principal: DI Series 700 and California. Our full Principal review.

The Standard logo

The Standard

Platinum Advantage. Issued by Standard Insurance Company (The Standard Life Insurance Company of New York in New York).

Total disability
What The Standard publishes
The base policy covers your regular occupation, including your specialty, only while you are not working in another job. The optional Own Occupation Rider removes that condition. In Florida, the base policy gives own-occupation coverage for the first 12 months.
Pays if you work elsewhere
What The Standard publishes
Only with the Own Occupation Rider.
Residual
What The Standard publishes
Residual riders trigger at a 20% income loss. The Enhanced version pays a recovery benefit when you return to work with at least a 20% earnings loss. Required in California.
Future increases
What The Standard publishes
Benefit Increase Rider, included at no cost: apply every three years with no medical information, until age 55 (issue age 50 or younger). Automatic Increase Benefit: 4% a year for six years.
Cost of living
What The Standard publishes
3% or 6% compound, tied to CPI-U.
Mental and nervous
What The Standard publishes
24-month lifetime limit, except while hospital-confined. Mandatory for some occupation classes; optional for others.
Renewability
What The Standard publishes
The base policy is guaranteed renewable only. Non-cancelable to 65 (or 67) requires the Noncancelable Policy Rider.
Discounts
What The Standard publishes
15% for residents and fellows at most accredited programs, 10% multi-life, 5% for applying electronically, and a preferred-occupation discount of up to 20% for some classes.
Residents
What The Standard publishes
Within six months of finishing training: up to $7,500 a month with no medical exam or income documents. Later increases up to $30,000 with an employment contract and no medical exams.
Financial strength
What The Standard publishes
AM Best A (Excellent), affirmed November 2025. Stock company; part of the Meiji Yasuda group.
  • •State notes: In New York the Student Loan Rider is unavailable. Florida adds 12 months of own-occupation coverage to the base policy.
  • •Not published: Issue and participation limits for fully underwritten policies (they are in a product guide too large to publish on a web page).

Sources: The Standard: Platinum Advantage; The Standard: Platinum Advantage consumer brochure (22555); The Standard: physician brochure for financial professionals (22798); The Standard: product comparison for financial professionals (23498).

Ohio National. Ohio National, now AuguStar, no longer lists disability insurance among the products it sells; its site offers only claims and payment service for existing disability policies. If you own an Ohio National policy, it remains in force; see our Ohio National page.

Which carrier, for whom

  • •Surgeons and proceduralists: start with Guardian. Its definition asks whether more than half your income came from surgery or hands-on patient care, which is a cleaner test for a proceduralist than a list of duties. Ameritas’s full-benefit-period own-occupation definition with specialty language is the comparison quote.
  • •Residents and fellows: use a guaranteed standard issue offer while you’re eligible. Guardian publishes the highest resident amount ($8,000). Ameritas and The Standard publish 15% resident discounts, and Ameritas adds two accelerated increases in the first three policy years.
  • •Psychiatry, or anyone worried about a mental health claim: Ameritas publishes the option to cover mental and nervous claims for the full benefit period. MassMutual sells an endorsement that removes its 24-month limit; ask whether your specialty qualifies.
  • •Women physicians: individual policies are generally priced by sex. MassMutual publishes that employer-endorsed multi-life groups can get unisex rates. Ask your hospital or residency program whether it sponsors a multi-life arrangement before buying individually.
  • •Buying through MassMutual or The Standard: add the Own Occupation Rider. Without it, both policies stop paying if you take another job.
  • •Principal: publishes the least contract detail of the five. It may well price best for your specialty, but ask for the specimen policy and rider pages before you compare it on terms.

What about price?

None of these carriers posts consumer premiums for fully underwritten policies. Your price depends on age, sex, state, specialty class, health, benefit amount, and riders, and each carrier sells through licensed agents who run the quote. That is why this page has no price column. A rule of thumb from someone’s blog is not a number you can plan on.

One carrier-published data point is worth knowing. The Standard’s resident rate examples, in a brochure for financial professionals, show female rates about 57% higher than male rates for the same policy and occupation class. Riders are the other big lever: an own-occupation rider, a residual rider, COLA, and removing the mental health limit each add cost. Ask for quotes with and without each rider so you can see what each one costs.

How to buy

Use an independent broker appointed with several of these carriers, so you see quotes side by side instead of one company’s policy. Ask for the specimen policy and each rider, not just a summary. Before you sign, check these:

  • 1.“Show me the definition of total disability. Does it name my specialty, and does it pay if I work in another occupation?”
  • 2.“What is the residual trigger, and is there a recovery benefit?”
  • 3.“Is there a mental and nervous limit, and what does it cost to remove?”
  • 4.“Is the policy non-cancelable, or only guaranteed renewable?”
  • 5.“How much can I add later without medical underwriting, and until what age?”
  • 6.“Which discounts am I getting: resident, multi-life, association? Are these unisex rates?”

To size the benefit, use our guide on how much disability insurance physicians need, and if you already have an employer plan, read group vs. individual disability insurance.

Frequently asked questions

What is the best disability insurance for physicians?

There isn’t one best carrier; there is a best contract for your specialty, health, and state. On the terms carriers publish, Guardian and Ameritas publish own-occupation definitions that keep paying while you work elsewhere, and both offer a 15% residual trigger. MassMutual and The Standard need an extra Own Occupation Rider to match that. Principal publishes too little of its contract to rank it on paper. Get quotes from at least three carriers through an independent broker and compare the actual policy language.

Which disability insurance is best for surgeons?

Surgeons should put the definition of total disability first. Guardian’s Enhanced True Own-Occupation definition, available only to MDs and DOs, starts with a source-of-earnings test: if more than half your income came from surgical procedures and you can no longer operate, you are totally disabled, even if you keep working in another role. Ameritas, Principal, and The Standard also offer specialty language; for MassMutual we couldn’t find it in public material.

What is the best disability insurance for residents?

Start with guaranteed standard issue offers, which skip medical underwriting. Guardian publishes up to $8,000 a month for residents. Ameritas publishes up to $7,500 during training and $8,500 within six months of finishing. The Standard publishes up to $7,500 within six months of finishing. Ameritas and The Standard each publish a 15% resident discount; Guardian has a residency discount but doesn’t publish the percentage.

Do disability carriers limit mental health claims?

Most policies limit mental and nervous claims to 24 months unless you pay to remove the limit. MassMutual’s Radius Choice has a 24-month limit that an extra-cost endorsement removes. The Standard’s 24-month limit is mandatory for some occupation classes. Ameritas lets you choose between a two-year limit and coverage for the full benefit period. Guardian and Principal don’t publish their terms.

Why doesn’t this page show premiums?

None of these carriers publishes consumer prices for fully underwritten policies. Premiums depend on your age, sex, state, specialty class, health, and riders, and every carrier prices through licensed agents. Any site listing “typical premiums” by carrier is estimating. The one carrier-published rate example we found, The Standard’s resident sample rates for financial professionals, shows female rates about 57% higher than male rates for the same policy.

Does Ohio National still sell disability insurance?

Not that we can find. Ohio National renamed itself AuguStar, and AuguStar’s product pages list only life insurance and annuities. Its site still handles claims and payments for existing disability policies.

Is group disability insurance through my employer enough?

Usually not on its own. Group plans are owned by the employer, can change or end when you leave, and often define disability more narrowly than an individual own-occupation policy. Many physicians keep the group plan and add an individual policy on top. Our group vs. individual guide covers how the two fit together.

Sources

Carrier pages and documents read September 23, 2026. Documents marked for financial professionals are public on the carrier’s own site. Policy provisions vary by state; the policy and riders you are issued govern.

This page is for educational purposes and is not insurance, financial, or legal advice. Terms are each carrier’s published terms as of September 23, 2026 and can change without notice. Links go directly to each carrier’s own site. See our advertising disclosure.

Joshua Dunigan, DO

Editorial Credibility

Joshua Dunigan, DO | Family Medicine Physician & Founder

I founded MedMoneyGuide to provide physicians with unbiased, specialty-specific financial guidance. My goal is to add transparency and credibility to your financial journey.